What is the Cause of Acne? Or the Basic Mechanism on How Acne Occurs.

The main cause of acne is the action of androgen hormones and certain bacteria on the sebum producing sebaceous glands on the hair bearing areas of the body. Let us explore what the cause of acne is and the basic mechanisms on how acne occurs.

Acne vulgaris or common acne (also known as pimple and zits) is actually a disease of the hair follicle and its associated oil producing sebaceous gland.

The oily liquid produced by the sebaceous gland is known as sebum. The sebaceous glands remain relatively small during infancy and childhood. At puberty due to the action of hormones known as androgens(which include testosterone and dihydrotestosterone), increase the size and activity of the glands. As a result, there is increased sebum production from the sebaceous glands.

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A bacteria known as Propioni bacterium acnes (P.acnes), which is a normal resident of the hair follicle and which thrives on a fatty food, increases in number during puberty due to the increased 'food supply' in the form of sebum!
The combined effects of activities of the increased sebum secretion and the P.acnes is the cause of acne.

Let us examine how these two conspire together to disturb the normal milieu interior of the skin and damage clear complexion of millions of teenagers around the globe.